The major investors in the diamond mines realized that they had no alternative but to merge their interests into a single entity that would be powerful enough to control production and perpetuate the illusion of scarcity of diamonds. The instrument they created, in 1888, was called De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd., incorporated in South Africa.
As De Beers took control of all aspects of the world diamond trade, it assumed many forms. In London, it operated under the innocuous name of the Diamond Trading Company. In Israel, it was known as "The Syndicate." In Europe, it was called the "C.S.O." -- initials referring to the Central Selling Organization, which was an arm of the Diamond Trading Company. And in central Africa, it disguised its South African origins under subsidiaries with names like Diamond Development Corporation and Mining Services, Inc. At its height -- for most of this century -- it not only either directly owned or controlled all the diamond mines in southern Africa but also owned diamond trading companies in England, Portugal, Israel, Belgium, Holland, and Switzerland.
As De Beers took control of all aspects of the world diamond trade, it assumed many forms. In London, it operated under the innocuous name of the Diamond Trading Company. In Israel, it was known as "The Syndicate." In Europe, it was called the "C.S.O." -- initials referring to the Central Selling Organization, which was an arm of the Diamond Trading Company. And in central Africa, it disguised its South African origins under subsidiaries with names like Diamond Development Corporation and Mining Services, Inc. At its height -- for most of this century -- it not only either directly owned or controlled all the diamond mines in southern Africa but also owned diamond trading companies in England, Portugal, Israel, Belgium, Holland, and Switzerland.
By the 1990s, the supply chain had evolved into four stages, two of which are dominated by De Beers as a monopoly controlling the buying of raw diamonds, while the final stages are also strongly influenced by De Beers as the dominant seller:
Mine Production (46 percent controlled by De Beers)
Rough Diamond Distribution (80 to 85 percent controlled by De Beers)
Preparation/Cutting
Retail Markets (see discussion of De Beers marketing ad)
Since the 1960s, De Beers has been subject to antitrust charges, led by the U.S. Justice Department that it has chosen not to answer in court. As a result, it is prohibited from conducting business in the United States, ironically the largest retail market for the end products it helps to create.
Mine Production (46 percent controlled by De Beers)
Rough Diamond Distribution (80 to 85 percent controlled by De Beers)
Preparation/Cutting
Retail Markets (see discussion of De Beers marketing ad)
Since the 1960s, De Beers has been subject to antitrust charges, led by the U.S. Justice Department that it has chosen not to answer in court. As a result, it is prohibited from conducting business in the United States, ironically the largest retail market for the end products it helps to create.
value of about $1.2 billion.
Diamond-mining is undertaken in Botswana by Debswana, a joint venture between the government and De Beers Century AG. It operates three mines at Jwaneng, Letlhakane, and Orapa. The Jwaneng mine is in southern Botswana and was opened in 1982. It is among the world’s largest and richest diamond mines.
sources: http://au.encarta.msn.com/media_461550531/De_Beers'_Jwaneng_Diamond_Mine.html
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/diamonds/other.html
http://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/watch/diamonds/volcanoes.htm
pictures of diamond mine mines mining de beer factory and south africa
The Jwaneng mine elmas kristal madeni uydudan resimleri cok derin elmas
ocagı ocağı ocaği elmas uretimi elmas cukuru images of diamond mining
diamond mines diamond source and resources
Diamond-mining is undertaken in Botswana by Debswana, a joint venture between the government and De Beers Century AG. It operates three mines at Jwaneng, Letlhakane, and Orapa. The Jwaneng mine is in southern Botswana and was opened in 1982. It is among the world’s largest and richest diamond mines.
sources: http://au.encarta.msn.com/media_461550531/De_Beers'_Jwaneng_Diamond_Mine.html
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/diamonds/other.html
http://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/watch/diamonds/volcanoes.htm
pictures of diamond mine mines mining de beer factory and south africa
The Jwaneng mine elmas kristal madeni uydudan resimleri cok derin elmas
ocagı ocağı ocaği elmas uretimi elmas cukuru images of diamond mining
diamond mines diamond source and resources
